A Study to access the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding primary prevention of Cervical Cancer among

Adolescent Girls of selected schools of Bhuj-Kutch-Gujarat

 

Puneet Gangawat1, Jahanvi Patel2, Badiya Neha Devjibhai3, Chauhan Himalay Nitinbhai3, Khungla Hemali Dayabhai3, Marand Disha Arjanbhai3, Mepani Yukti Mavjibhai3,

Mistri Krishna Sureshbhai3, Nakhva Bhakti Chetanbhai3, Thacker Maitri Nileshbhai3

1Principal, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, SKLP Nursing Institute of Education and Practice,

 KSKV Kutch University Bhuj-Kutch 370001.

2Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, SKLP Nursing Institute of Education and Practice, KSKV Kutch University Bhuj-Kutch 370001.

3Bachelor of Science in Nursing, Sklp Nursing Institute-Bhuj, Kskv Kutch University, Bhuj-Kutch, 370001.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: maitrinthacker@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

Background: Cervical cancer is a significant public health concern in India, with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among women in the reproductive age group. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in India, accounting for approximately 17% of all cancer cases. Methodology: A Quantitative research approach with pre-experimental design one group pre test and post-test was adopted for this study on 60 adolescent girls in selected schools using non probability purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done using self-structured knowledge questionnaire and analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics techniques. Results: Study results show that pre-test knowledge score of adolescent girls, 63.33% (38) had inadequate knowledge, 35% (21) had moderately adequate knowledge, whereas 1.66% (01) had adequate knowledge. Post-test knowledge score reveals that, 48.33% (29) had adequate knowledge, 38.33% (23) had moderately adequate knowledge, and only 13.33% (8) had inadequate knowledge. The numerals show that, most of the adolescent girls gained adequate knowledge in post-test. The obtained “t” value is t = 12.41 which is statistically significant at p<0.05 level which shows that there is significant difference between the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge showing the effectiveness of plan teaching programme regarding the primary prevention of cervical cancer among adolescent girls. There is significant association with pre-test level of knowledge and demographic variable such as class (16.9). Whereas there is no significant association with pre-test level of knowledge and demographic variable such as age (18.697), menstrual status (0.52), residence (6.96). Conclusion: The study culminates that the planned teaching programme on primary Prevention of cervical cancer was feasible and effective in increasing knowledge among the adolescent girls in selected schools.

 

KEYWORDS: Assess, Knowledge, Primary Prevention, Cervical Cancer, Adolescent Girls.

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

"Surviving cervical cancer is not just about beating the disease but about finding strength in the battle. “Public health is the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and Promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, Organizations, public and private sectors, communities, and individuals. It is a broad and multidisciplinary field that encompasses various aspects of health, such as Epidemiology, biostatistics, environmental health, social and behavioural sciences, Health policy and management, and health communication.1

 

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Being vaccinated at age 9–14 years is a highly effective way to prevent HPV infection, cervical cancer and other HPV-related cancers. Screening from the age of 30 (25 years in women living with HIV) can detect cervical disease, which can treat, also prevents cervical cancer. At any age with symptoms or concerns, early detection followed by prompt quality treatment can cure cervical cancer.2

 

Cervical cancer is a significant public health concern in India, with high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly among women in the reproductive age group. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in India, accounting for approximately 17% of all cancer cases.3

 

Adolescent girls are a vulnerable population, and their knowledge and awareness. about cervical cancer prevention are crucial in preventing the disease. Primary prevention measures, such as HPV vaccination and Pap smear testing are effective in preventing cervical cancer, However, a lack of awareness and knowledge about these measures among adolescent girls hinders their adoption.4

 

The findings of this study will inform the development of targeted interventions to promote cervical cancer prevention among adolescent girls in this region, ultimately contributing to reducing the burden of cervical cancer in India.5

 

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SAMPLE: In this study sample were those adolescent girls from selected schools of Bhuj – Kutch, who had fulfilled the inclusive criteria selected for the study.

 

Sample Size: The sample size was 60 adolescent girls.

 

Sampling Techniques: A non-probability type in that purposive sampling techniques were used to select the samples.

 

Data Collection Tool and Method: Self structure knowledge quaternaries to evaluate pre-test and post-test.

 

Sr.

No.

Demographic  

Variables   

Frequency

(fr)

Percentage (%)

1

Age 

 

1.1

14-15

2

3.33%

1.2

15-16

3

5%

1.3

16-17

5

8.33%

1.4

17-18

44

73.33%

1.5

18-19

6

10%

2

Class

 

2.1

9th std

2

3.33%

2.2

10th std

3

5%

2.3

11th std

9

15%

2.4

12th std

46

76.66%

3

Menstrual status

 

3.1

Regular

52

86.66%

3.2

Irregular

8

13.33%

4

Residence

 

4.1

Urban

43

71.66%

4.2

Rural

17

28.33%

 

RESULT:

 

Figure 1: Frequency and percentage distribution according to age of adolescent girls

 

Regarding the adolescent girls, 3.33% were between 14-15 years, 5% were between 15-16years, 8.33% were between 16-17 years, 73.33% were between 17-1 8years, 10% were between 18-19years.

 

Figure 2: Frequency and percentage distribution according to class of adolescent girls

 

Regarding class of adolescent girls, 3.33% (2) of were class 9, 5% (3) of were class10,15% (9) of were class 11, 76.66% (46) of were class 12.

 

Figure 3: Frequency and percentage distribution according to menstruation status of adolescent girls.

 

Regarding the primary prevention of cervical cancer among adolescent girls, 86.66% (52) regular menstrual cycle, 13.33% (8) didn’t have regular menstrual cycle.

 

Figure 4: Frequency and percentage distribution according to residence      

 

Regarding the residence of adolescent girls, 71.66% (43) girls come from urban area, 28.33% (17) girls come from rural areas.  

 

Sr.

No

Level of Knowledge

Pre-test

Post-test

Fr.

%

Fr.

%

1

Adequate knowledge

1

1.66

29

48.33

2

Moderately adequate knowledge

21

35

23

38.33

3

Inadequate knowledge

38

63.33

8

13.33

 

Pre-test knowledge score, 63.33% (38) of Adolescents girls had inadequate knowledge, 35% (21) of Adolescents girls had moderately adequate knowledge, whereas 1.66% (01) of adolescent’s girls had adequate knowledge. Post-test knowledge score reveals that, 48.33% (29) of adolescent girls had adequate knowledge 38.33% (23) of adolescent girls had moderately adequate knowledge, and only 13.33% (8) of adolescent girls had inadequate knowledge.

 

Figure 5: Frequency and percentage distribution of pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding the primary prevention of cervical cancer among adolescent girls.

 

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:

The present study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of planned Teaching programme on knowledge regarding the primary prevention of cervical Cancer among the selected schools of Bhuj- Kutch, Gujarat. The data was Collected from school going adolescent girls studying in selected schools. The Data was collected by using structured knowledge questionnaires. There is significant association between pre-test level of knowledge and Demographic variable such as Class. Whereas there is no significant association Between the pre-test level of knowledge and demographic variable such as age, Menstrual status, and residence. Hence it was prove that the planned teaching programme was effective in increasing knowledge among the adolescent girls in selected school of bhuj – Kutch.

 

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

The authors have no conflicts of interest regarding this investigation.

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:

We are immensely grateful and greatly indebted to Dr. Puneet Gangawat [Ph.d. (n)] Principal, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Shree Kutchi Leva Patel Nursing Institute of Education and Practice, for his constant encouragement, valuable suggestions, support and direction throughout the study.

 

This endeavor would not have been possible without our research guides Ms. Jahanvi Patel [M.Sc. (n)] Assistant professor, Department of community health nursing their valuable guidance, patience and time in checking, rechecking the manuscripts, for sharing suggestions, corrections and constant motivation during the study which meant so much for the completion of this study.

 

We would like to express our appreciation to All The Higher Officials of Krantiguru Shyamji Krishna Verma University, for their support, motivation and supervision throughout the study.

 

REFERENCES:

1.        Buskwofie A, David-West G, Clare CA. A review of cervical cancer: incidence and disparities. Journal of the National Medical Association Publication. 2020 Apr 1; 112(2):  229-32.

2.        Castle PE, Einstein MH, Sahasrabuddhe VV. Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus. CA: a Cancer Journal for Clinicians. 2021; 71(6): 505-26

3.        Falcaro M. Castañon A. Ndlela B. Checchi M, Soldan K, Lopez-Bernal J, Elliss- Brookes L, Sasieni P. The effects of the national HPV vaccination programme in England, UK, on cervical cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence: a register-hased observational study. The Lancet. 2021 Dec 4; 398(10316): 2084-92.

4.        Min KJ, Suh DH, Baba T. Chen X, Kim JW, Kobayashi Y. Kwon J, Lim MC. Lee JY, Nagase S, Park JY. Time for enhancing government-led primary prevention of cervical cancer. Journal of Gynecologic Oncology. 2020 Dec 11; 32(1): e12.

5.        Lami A, Alvisi S. Siconolfi A, Seracchioli R, Meriggiola MC. Primary and secondary prevention of cervical cancer among Italian AFAB transgender people. Current Problems in Cancer. 2024 Jun 1; 50: 101103

 

 

Received on 06.01.2025         Revised on 23.01.2025

Accepted on 05.02.2025         Published on 25.02.2025

Available online from March 24, 2025

A and V Pub J. of Nursing and Medical Res. 2025;4(1):15-18.

DOI: 10.52711/jnmr.2025.05

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