A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Safety Practices for Cardiac Catheterization among staff Nurses working in Cardiac units in selected hospital at Rajkot

 

Mini P. M, Suneesh P. M, Jeenath Justin Doss. K.

Shri Anand Institute of Nursing, Opp. Ghanteshwar Park, B/h Sainik Society,

 Jamnagar Road, Rajkot - 360006.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: fccdivya123@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

Cardiac nurse must assess and care for patients with cardiac problems as well as patients undergone cardiac catheterizations procedures, patient for any negative signs of a change in condition, safe transport, administering medication, help with basic personal care needs ,control of bleeding, maintenance of hemostasis .This will help in minimizing the vascular complications in patient. The rate of catheterization in the U.S. was more than 2.5 times that in Canada (71% vs. 27%, respectively, p<0.001). With identical prevalence of severe CAD at catheterization (17%) in the two countries, the higher frequency of catheterization in the U.S. resulted in the identification of more than two and a half times as many cases of severe CAD compared with Canada (12 severe CAD cases identified per 100 post. MI patients in the U.S.vs. 4.6 per 100 in Canada).

 

KEYWORDS: To evaluate, Effectiveness, PTP, cardiac catheterization, Knowledge, safety practices, staff nurses working in cardiac units.

 

 


INTRODUCTION:

Infection is the invasion of susceptible host by microorganisms and pathogens that will result in infectious diseases to the patients. There is an important difference present between infection and colonization. Colonization means the growth of microorganisms within the host without tissue invasion or damage (Tweeten 2009). Infection takes place, if the pathogen multiplies and alters the normal tissue functions. Some of the infections have low or no risk for transmission like viral meningitis and pneumonia. Such types of illness can be serious for the patients.1

 

Peripheral vascular complications include hematomas, pseudoaneurysms, arteriovenous fistulae, acute arterial occlusions, cholesterol emboli, and infections that occur with an overall incidence of 1.5-9%. Major predictors of such complications following coronary interventional procedures include advanced age, repeat 2 percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, female gender, and peripheral vascular disease. Minor predictors include level of anticoagulation, use of thrombolytic agents, elevated creatinine levels, low platelet counts, longer periods of anticoagulation, and use of increased sheath size. Coronary care unit is a nursing specialty that work with patient who suffer from various cardiac diseases like acute coronary syndrome, myocardial infarction, rheumatic heart disease, various arrhythmias, patient who had undergone various cardiac interventional procedures like coronary angiogram, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, percutaneous transluminal mitral commissurotomy, permanent pacemaker implantation, device closures, balloon mitral valvotomy, balloon pulmonary valvotomy etc.Cardiac nurse must assess and care for patients with cardiac problems as well as patients undergone cardiac catheterizations procedures, patient for any negative signs of a change in condition, safe transport, administering medication, help with basic personal care needs, control of bleeding, maintenance of hemostasis. This will help in minimizing the vascular complications in patient. Increased risk for vascular complications was found in patients who were older than 70 years, were female, had renal failure, underwent percutaneous intervention. (Dumont JP 2006). A cardiac cath provides information on how well your heart works, identifies problems and allows for procedures to open blocked arteries.2

 

NEED FOR THE STUDY:

Patient safety in minimizing complications is increasingly recognized as essential in practice of coronary care unit. Individual have right to safe and effective quality health care. Cardiac nurses are responsible for providing patient‟s safety and minimizing vascular complications after cardiac catheterization procedures. They should be aware about the guidelines for providing safety for the patient. Each nurse should know the high-risk patient, safe practices for handling and maintenance of Homeostasis.3

 

The rate of catheterization in the U.S. was more than 2.5 times that in Canada (71% vs. 27%, respectively, p<0.001). With identical prevalence of severe CAD at catheterization (17%) in the two countries, the higher frequency of catheterization in the U.S. resulted in the identification of more than two and a half times as many cases of severe CAD compared with Canada (12 severe CAD cases identified per 100 posts. MI patients in the U.S.vs. 4.6 per 100 in Canada). If considered in isolation, we estimated that these differences in severe disease detection might affect a small longterm survival advantage in favor of the U.S. strategy (estimated 5.0 lives saved per 1,000 MI patients).4

 

OBJECTIVES:

·       To assess the level of knowledge regarding safety practice for cardiac catheterization among staff nurses working in cardiac units.

·       To assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on knowledge regarding Safety practices for cardiac catheterization among staff nurses working in cardiac units.

·       To find out association between the selected demographic variables and their post test level of knowledge score regarding safety practices for cardiac catheterization among staff nurses working in cardiac units.

 

 

HYPOTHESES:

·      H1: The mean post test knowledge scores of staff nurses will be significantly higher than the mean pretest knowledge scores regarding safety practices for cardiac catheterization.

·      H2: There will be significant the association between selected demographic variables and their post test level of knowledge score regarding safety practices for cardiac catheterization among staff nurses working in cardiac units.

 

MATERIAL AND METHODOLOGY:

RESEARCH APPROACH:

Quantitative research approach.

 

RESEARCH DESIGN:

Pre experimental one group pre test post test design

 

VERIABLES UNDER THE STUDY:

The variable under the study was independent variable and dependent variables.

 

Independent variable: Planned Teaching programme.

Dependent            variable: Knowledge regarding safety practices for Cardiac catheterization.

 

Demographic variables: Age, gender, education, duration of work experience, attendance of training programme about infection control.

 

SETTING OF THE STUDY:

Setting is the physical location and condition in which data collection  takes place. The study was conducted in selected Hospital at Rajkot.

 

POPULATION:

Target population: Staff nurses working in selected hospital.

Accessible population: Staff nurses working in cardiac care unit of selected hospital at Rajkot.

 

SAMPLE:

The sample of the study comprised the staff nurses working in cardiac unit in selected hospital at Rajkot.

 

SAMPLE SIZE

Staff nurses who fulfilled the sample selection criteria. 30 samples

 

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:

Sampling technique used by the investigator was non probability convenience sampling technique.

 

 

 

 

SAMPLING CRITERIA:

Inclusion criteria:

Those who are

·   Male and Female nurses working in cardiac units in Christ hospital, Rajkot.

·   Available at the time of data collection.

·   Who all are willing to attend?

 

Exclusion criteria:

Nurses who have undergone intensive training on infection control measures.

 

Major finding of the study:

Major study findings includes.

 

Findings related to demographic variables of the study:

1.       The majority of 21 (70%) sample‟s age is between 22-24 years

2.       The majority of 20 (67%) samples are Female.

3.       The majority of 11 (36%) samples are having education of GNM.

4.       The majority of 20 (66%) samples are working in medical & Surgical ward.

5.       The majority of 12 (40%) samples are having 0-1 years of work experience.

 

With regard to effectiveness of PTP on knowledge regarding safety practices for cardiac catheterization among staff nurses, mean post test knowledge score is significantly higher than the mean pre test knowledge score. The calculated „t‟ value (t = 11.83) is greater than the tabled „t‟ (p = 2.04). Therefore, the research hypothesis H1 is accepted.

 

With regard to association between the demographic variable age have obtained 2value above the level of tabulated value at the level of 0.05. Other demographic variables such as, gender, educational status, working area and years of experience has obtained 2value below the level of tabulated value at the level of 0.05. Thus, hypothesis H2 is accepted. So, it is inferred that there is significant association between demographic variables and knowledge regarding safety practices.

 

CONCLUSION:

The main conclusion from this present study is that most of the staff nurses working in cardiac unit had inadequate and moderate level of knowledge in pre-test and they improved to moderate and adequate level of knowledge in post-test. This shows that need to understand the purpose of the PTP on knowledge regarding safety practices for cardiac catheterization in improving patients care and safety of critically ill patients among staff nurses working in cardiac units and it will improve the practice of infection control measures to improve quality care of nurse.

 

REFERENCES:

1.        Catheterization Complication. Brunner. Text book of Medical Surgical Nursing.  2014; (13th edition), Vol- 1, Published by Wolters Kluwer Pvt Ltd, New Delhi.

2.        Basavnthappa. B.T. Nursing Research. (2nd ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers. 2007

3.        Basavnthappa. B.T. Nursing Theories. (1st ed.). New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers. 2007

4.        Hixon, S., Lou Sole, M. and King, T. Nursing strategies to prevent complications of Post Cardiac Catheterization patients. AACN Clinical Issues: Advanced Practice in Acute and Coronary. Care. 1998; 9(1).

 

 

Received on 26.06.2024         Revised on 15.07.2024

Accepted on 30.07.2024         Published on 28.11.2024

Available online on December 31, 2024

A and V Pub J. of Nursing and Medical Res. 2024;3(4):148-150.

DOI: 10.52711/jnmr.2024.34

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